Hiking & Hillwalking Risk Assessment Template

Typical hazards & measures

• Wildlife and livestock encounters — Educate group on safe behaviour: stay calm, avoid eye contact, bypass livestock with distance, and leash dogs. Leaders brief on avoiding animal feeding and carry antihistamines and first aid for bites or stings.
• Equipment malfunction (boots, poles, packs) — Perform kit checks before departure. Leaders carry spare laces, straps, and repair kits. Teach field repairs and proper packing to prevent injury. Rotate heavy kit for fairness and balance.
• Cliff edges and steep drop-offs — Keep a safe buffer from cliff edges, especially in wind or poor visibility. Brief group on movement, single file in exposed areas, and avoid distractions. Leaders supervise closely and avoid stopping at unstable viewpoints.
• Heat, dehydration, and sun exposure — Carry enough water, electrolyte packs, hats, sunglasses, and sunscreen. Encourage regular drinking and reapplication of sun protection. Rest in shade during hottest periods. Leaders monitor for signs of dehydration or heat exhaustion.
• Navigation errors / getting lost — Leaders trained in navigation carry maps, compasses, GPS, and route cards. Groups use buddy pairs, front/rear markers, and “stop-and-wait” at junctions. Pre-walk brief covers escape routes. Regularly confirm position with map checks and technology.