Small Groundworks & Excavation Risk Assessment Template

Typical hazards & measures

• Hand–arm vibration — Plan exposure using points or traffic-light data; choose the lowest vibration tool and sharp consumables. Limit trigger time with rotation and breaks, keep hands warm/dry, and maintain neutral grip. Implement health surveillance and record exposures; redesign tasks to reduce or eliminate tooling.
• Open edges around excavations — Provide robust edge protection with guardrails/toeboards or barriers; cover small openings with secured, rated covers marked 'Hole'. Light and sign at night. Establish pedestrian detours and keep spoil a minimum 0.5–1 m back. Supervise children/public interface in parks, schools or footpaths.
• Noise exposure — Survey noise for breakers, saws and compactors; select quieter methods and maintain equipment. Enforce hearing protection zones, provide suitable defenders, and rotate tasks to limit dose. Brief on fit/limitations and keep bystanders outside zones; monitor exposure to remain below action values.
• Public access — Secure the site with fencing, lockable gates and clear signage. Supervise where children or public may enter, and provide safe pedestrian diversions. Inspect barriers daily, repair immediately, and keep tools/plant locked when unattended. Brief staff on safeguarding responsibilities.
• Breaking and cutting operations — Select low-vibration breakers/saws with water suppression or on-tool extraction. Use guards, face/eye protection and cut tables. Exclude bystanders from fragment throw, control leads/hoses to avoid trips, and rotate tasks with timed breaks. Maintain discs, chisels and anchors to maker specs.